Trending December 2023 # Guide To How To Implement Array_Agg() # Suggested January 2024 # Top 14 Popular

You are reading the article Guide To How To Implement Array_Agg() updated in December 2023 on the website Bellydancehcm.com. We hope that the information we have shared is helpful to you. If you find the content interesting and meaningful, please share it with your friends and continue to follow and support us for the latest updates. Suggested January 2024 Guide To How To Implement Array_Agg()

Introduction to PostgreSQL ARRAY_AGG()

The PostgreSQL provides various aggregate functions; the PostgreSQL ARRAY_AGG() aggregate function is used to get an array with each value of the input set added to an array element. This aggregate Function accepts a set of values as input, and the Function includes NULL values into the array while concatenating the input values. We use the ORDER BY clause with this aggregate Function in order to sort the result.

Start Your Free Data Science Course

Hadoop, Data Science, Statistics & others

Consider the following syntax of the PostgreSQL ARRAY_AGG() aggregate Function:

ARRAY_AGG(): The PostgreSQL ARRAY_AGG() aggregate Function takes the number of values as an input and then returns an array.

ORDER BY: This is an optional clause. This clause is used when we want the results sorted, which are processed in the aggregation, which results to sort the elements in the result array.

Examples to Implement PostgreSQL ARRAY_AGG()

We will create two tables of name ‘student’ and ‘department’ by using the CREATE TABLE statement as follows to understand the examples:

create table student ( stud_id serial PRIMARY KEY, stud_fname VARCHAR(80) NOT NULL, stud_lname VARCHAR(80) NOT NULL, department_id int NOT NULL ); create table department ( department_id serial PRIMARY KEY, department_name VARCHAR(80) NOT NULL );

We will insert data into the department table using the INSERT INTO statement as follows.

INSERT INTO department(department_name) VALUES ('Computer'), ('Electrical'), ('IT'), ('Civil'), ('Chemical'), ('Mechanical');

Illustrate the result of the above INSERT INTO statement by using the following SQL statement and snapshot.

Code:

select * from department;

Output:

We will insert some data into the student table using the INSERT INTO statement as follows.

INSERT INTO student(stud_fname, stud_lname, department_id) VALUES ('Smith','Johnson',1), ('Williams','Jones',1), ('Harper','James',2), ('Jack','Liam',2), ('Harry','Mason',3), ('Jacob','Oscar',3), ('Michael','Charlie',4), ('William','Joe',4), ('Oliver','John',5), ('Jack','Richard',5), ('Harry','Joseph',5), ('George','Thomas',6), ('Brown','Charles',6);

Illustrate the result of the above INSERT INTO statement by using the following SQL statement and snapshot.

Code:

select * from student;

Output:

Example #1

Without ORDER BY clause in PostgreSQL ARRAY_AGG, () aggregate Function Consider the following SQL statement, which will use the Function to return the list of names of the department and the list of names of the students studying in each department:

Code:

SELECT department_name, FROM department INNER JOIN student USING (department_id) GROUP BY department_name ORDER BY Department_name;

Illustrate the result of the above SQL statement by using the following snapshot.

From the above example, we can see that each department’s students are randomly ordered; to sort the students by their last name or first name, we have to define the ORDER BY clause in this Function.

Example #2

ORDER BY clause with PostgreSQL ARRAY_AGG() aggregate Function

Consider the following example to get the list of students for each department, which is sorted by the student’s first name as shown in the following SQL statement:

Code:

SELECT department_name, ARRAY_AGG ( ORDER BY stud_fname ) students FROM department INNER JOIN student USING (department_id) GROUP BY department_name ORDER BY department_name;

Example #3

ORDER BY clause with PostgreSQL ARRAY_AGG() aggregate Function

Consider the following example to sort the list of students for each department by student’s first and last name, as shown in the following SQL statement:

Code:

SELECT department_name, ARRAY_AGG ( ORDER BY stud_fname ASC, stud_lname DESC ) student FROM department INNER JOIN student USING (department_id) GROUP BY department_name ORDER BY department_name;

Illustrate the result of the above SQL statement by using the following snapshot.

Conclusion

From the above article, we hope you understand how to use the PostgreSQL ARRAY_AGG() aggregate Function and how the aggregate Function works. Also, we have added several examples of aggregate functions to understand them in detail.

Learn How To Implement Promise In Typescript?

Introduction to TypeScript promise

The promise in TypeScript is used to make asynchronous programming. The promise can be used when we want to handle multiple tasks at the same time. By the use of TypeScript promise, we can skip the current operation and move to the next line of the code. Promise provides the feature for asynchronous programming or parallel programming, which allows the number of tasks to be executed simultaneously at the same time. In the coming section, we will discuss more the promise in detail for better understanding.

Syntax

As we discussed, a promise is used for parallel programming. It is an object available in TypeScript programming. Let’s see its syntax in detail for better understanding see below;

new Promise(function(resolve, reject){ });

As you can see in the above lines of syntax, we are using a new keyword to create the object of promise. This function has two parameters named reject and resolve. It also calls the callback function. We will see its internal working in more detail in the coming section and use it while programming.

How to implement promise in TypeScript?

As we know that promise in TypeScript is used to support parallel programming. Parallel programming is used when we want to execute a set of tasks simultaneously. The promise is used to handle multiple parallel calls. The main benefit of using the promise is that we can move to the next line of the code without executing the above line. This also helps us to increase the performance of the application.

Promise support in several states as well. In this section, we will look at the signature in detail also the return type, and the several states it supports for better understanding. See below;

1. new Promise(function(resolve, reject){

// logic goes here ..

});

In the above line of code, we are using the ‘new’ keyword to create the instance of the promise. As we already know that this is an object available in TypeScript. Also, it has one inner function, which has two parameters named ‘reject’ and ‘resolve’. Inside this function, we can pass a callback function.

2. Return type: It has two parameters inside the inner function. If the function’s response is a success, then it will return ‘resolve’; if the response from the function is not successful, it will return ‘reject’.

3. States available in promise of Typescript: Promise support several states. These states are used to get the status of the function. We have three different states available in the promise;

reject: If the response from the promise function fails, then the state would be ‘reject’.

pending: We the response does not come, and we are waiting for the result, then the state would be ‘pending’.

fulfilled: If the response forms the promise in TypeScript is received successfully, then the state would be ‘fullfeed’.

We can also perform and handle the success and error response, respectively. For this, we can use ‘reject’ and ‘resolve’ from the promise function only. In this section, we will cover how to handle the success and error in promise see below;

1. Handle error in the promise: We can easily handle the error response from a promise, for we have to reject parameter that we pass inside the callback function. This rejects parameter will handle the error; it will handle the error using the catch() block available. We can see one practice syntax for better understanding of its usage see below;

Example:

function demo() { reject(); } demo().then(function(success) { }) .catch(function(error) { });

As you can see in the above lines of code, we are calling reject. This will handle the error and handle the exception using the catch block in the below line of code.

2. handle success in the promise: We can also handle the success response from the promise function. For this, we can use resolve and a success callback. Let’s see one sample syntax for a better understanding of the code for beginners see below;

Example:

function demo() { resolve(); } demo().then( );

In the above lines of code, we are calling the resolve function here; it will handle the success response from the promise function in TypeScript.

Examples

Here are the following example mention below

Example #1

In this example, we are trying to call the resolve function of promise, which will handle the successful response from the promise. This is a sample example for beginners to understand its usage.

Code:

console.log("Demo to show promise in Typescript !!"); resolve(100); });

Output:

Example #2

In this example, we are handling the error response from the promise in Typescript, a sample example for beginners.

Code:

console.log("Demo to show promise in Typescript !!"); reject("this is an reject response form the promise !!!!"); });

Output:

Rules and regulations for the promise

1. This is used to make asynchrony calls.

2. keep in mind that only tasks that are not dependent on each other can be called from. Otherwise, the data inconsistent issue will occur.

3. Need to pass inner function while using it; otherwise, the error will occur.

Conclusion

By using promise in TypeScript, we can easily implement parallel programming, which is very easy to read and understand. Also, by the use of it, we can execute multiple tasks at the same time; this can also increase the application performance. The only task which is not dependent on each other can be asynchrony.

How To Implement And Benefit From Password Management Software

First time checking out this series? You’ll get the most value by starting at the beginning and checking out the series overview. In our previous article we took a look at how to approach and manage passwords. Today we’ll jump into applying those ideas with 1Password.

Note for regular readers, the already tech savvy, and IT professionals: this series is designed as a resource you can share with those you are helping or for those looking to become tech savvy on their own.

Background, Expectations, & Best Practices

In last week’s post, Michael went into a high-level overview on the importance of password management and preparing to implement a strategy. A lot of the frustration with password management stems from how overwhelming it can feel to get started. With so many usernames, passwords, sites, and accounts out there, the prospect of organizing it all can seem like climbing a mountain.

So while there is a decent amount of work to get things going, it will pay big dividends in time savings and reduced frustration. We’ll help you see this is really doable by breaking down the process step by step.

In today’s article we’ll take a look at getting started with password management using a 9to5Mac team favorite, 1Password. The AgileBits app has grown rapidly in recent years due to its integrations with multiple browsers, desktop operating systems, and even mobile devices. The ability to use, quite literally, one password to gain access to all your various passwords everywhere is extremely powerful and useful.

Note: While today’s post applies specifically to 1Password, the concepts shared at the bottom of the article apply to nearly all password managers. The point of today’s post is to show how easy it is to get started, without having to worry about feeling overwhelmed. You’ve got this!

Getting Started

Hopefully after having read Michael’s post from last week you’ve gotten a head start on organizing your myriad of passwords. If not, I suggest at least getting a handful of them together before diving into today’s post. We’ll want to use real usernames and passwords so you can see just how powerful and quick it is to get started. Once you’ve got that together, we’re ready to start!

Signing up for 1Password

For this tutorial, we’re going to sign up for the free trial of 1Password. The 30-day free trial, which requires no credit card to sign up, includes all the features you would find in the full-priced app. To get started, head over to 1Password’s site and follow through the steps laid out there.

Note: When signing up, 1Password will ask what type of account you’ll need. If you only plan to use 1Password for yourself, individual is fine. If you want use it for multiple family members, or even with a team at work select the appropriate options. You can change these later if need be.

Once your account is created, and you’ve logged into the 1Password site, you’ll have the option to save your Emergency Kit and to download the 1Password apps, do both! The Emergency Kit will help us quickly set up the apps once they are downloaded and is a critical piece of your 1Password account. Make sure to securely store your Emergency Kit somewhere, 1Password will offer some suggestions where and how to do so.

Here are direct links to download the apps for your convenience:

Signing in to 1Password

For the purposes of this post we’ll focus on getting up and running with 1Password on the Mac. Once you’ve downloaded and installed the app, go ahead and launch 1Password.

As it’s your first time running 1Password, the software will ask you how you’d like to sign in. We’ve already configured an account on chúng tôi so go ahead and select that option. Now go ahead and open up the previously saved Emergency Kit on your Mac, we’ll be using it in the next step.

If you’ve got the Emergency Kit open on your computer, you can select Scan your account details. This will make the 1Password app open a small window which you can drag over your Emergency Kit and read its data. If you’ve got the Emergency Kit printed out, you can select the second option Enter your account details manually and fill everything out. Regardless of what option you choose, you’ll have to manually fill in your Master Password.

Almost done! After signing in to your 1Password account, the app will present you with a few options. Some of these options can significantly benefit you! For the Security pane, I make sure to select both options as I want 1Password to immediately lock when I close it.

For the next pane I make sure Rich Icons are on because I like the visual aesthetic. On the third pane, the one I consider most important, make sure to choose Yes, use 1Password mini (we’ll come back to this soon later). On the final pane, take your pick on whether or not you want to receive the newsletter.

You’re all done! You officially have a 1Password account with a free 30-day trial, have the program installed, and are now ready to go! The question you probably already have is, “How do I get my passwords in 1Password?!” That’s a great question, and one we’ll tackle in a way as to not overwhelm you on day one.

Thanks to the fact that you enabled 1Password mini we now have a small 1Password app that runs in the background ready to be used at any time. As the app runs, it keeps an eye out for whenever you might be logging into a website and offers to save that password if it’s never been saved before! This takes away some of the biggest frustrations with password management, so you can just keep doing what you’re doing and let the tool work for you.

Installing the browser extension

While 1Password is open, head over to its preferences (1Password → Preferences or CMD + , on your keyboard). In the Preferences pane select Browsers, and then Install Browser Extension. Your default web browser will launch to 1Password’s browser extension page; hit the big green button to start downloading the extension and follow the instructions on how to install it.

Once installed, whenever you visit a site where you haven’t previously saved the password with 1Password, you’ll be offered the chance to save your credentials.

Do This

Now that you’ve installed 1Password, enabled its mini app to run, and have the browser extension installed, you can slowly begin inputting your passwords into the app. To start, we suggest just going about your normal web browsing experience and logging into sites like you normally do, and saving the passwords whenever 1Password prompts you to do so.

This may seem tedious at first, but once you’ve saved your password into 1Password, it’ll remember them for the future. Once saved, all you have to hit is CMD + on the keyboard to have the 1Password browser extension automatically fill your passwords into the website.

Note: If your browser auto-filling your passwords because of previous visits, you may not get prompted by 1Password to save it. To get around this in Safari: open Preferences (Safari → Preferences or CMD + ,), head to the Passwords pane, and remove all the passwords in that list. Just make sure you know what the information is or have it saved somewhere down before removing from Safari.

There are various ways to save your passwords into 1Password, but today’s explained method should be the least tedious for newcomers to password management. If you’re ready to begin adding in a handful of passwords, you can also launch the 1Password app on your computer, hit the + sign in the 1Password window and select the appropriate category. (There are a lot to pick from, but if you’re adding in website logins, the Login option is your best bet).

Also if you need support from someone in person, don’t hesitate to ask. Just make sure they take the time to explain details thoroughly as they go and you’re fully involved in the process. Once a backup strategy and password management strategy are in place (or are even in the works), you’re on the upswing!

Note: If you ever have any issues with 1Password, they have a great support page here.

FAQ

1. How is this password manager better than macOS’ iCloud Keychain?

You may have seen Safari or iOS offer to save your passwords with iCloud Keychain, which is a great way to keep accounts connected and your information saved and updated across all of your Apple products. While a great piece of the Apple ecosystem, it doesn’t offer you the flexibility and integrations that a password manager does.

For example, with 1Password’s password generator you can automatically generate random passwords to a very specific set of requirements. No more making up your own! iCloud Keychain can create passwords for you, but doesn’t offer control like 1Password. You can also save much more than just user names and passwords with 1Password, including memberships, ID’s, secure notes, and bank information, all with great organization built into the application.

If you’d like to read more about iCloud Keychain, you can do so here. We’ll cover more on this specifically in future articles in this series.

2. How is this better than a document I keep on an external drive?

Keeping a file on an external drive is not only insecure, but liable to be lost. Using a password manager allows you to take your passwords wherever you go: on your phone, on your watch, on your computer, and even online. 1Password’s security uses bank level end-to-end encryption; more information on it can be found here.

3. I have hundreds of passwords, where do I start?

Take it one site at a time. As you log into websites and your password manager asks if you’d like to save the credentials, do so. The next time you visit it will have remembered it and it makes everything much easier.

If you decide to enter them manually, stop before you become overwhelmed. It only took a few weeks to eventually move all my passwords into 1Password, and since doing so I’ve been password headache free!

Alternative Apps

Today’s post focused on 1Password, but there are plenty of alternative apps out there to use! I personally use 1Password because I trust the team behind the product, but if you’re looking for alternatives we’ve listed some of them below:

Next Article: How to use iCloud Keychain and common concerns

FTC: We use income earning auto affiliate links. More.

C++ Program To Implement Hash Tables With Quadratic Probing

A hash table is a data structure which is used to store key-value pairs. Hash function is used by hash table to compute an index into an array in which an element will be inserted or searched. Quadratic probing is a collision resolving technique in Open Addressed Hash tables. It operates by taking the original hash index and adding successive values of an arbitrary quadratic polynomial until an open slot is found.

This is a C++ program to Implement Hash Tables with Quadratic Probing.

Algorithm

For search a key value:

Begin Declare function SearchKey(int k, HashTable *ht) intialize collisions = 0 pos = pos + 2 * ++collisions -1 return pos End.

For Insert:

Begin Declare function Insert(int k, HashTable *ht) int pos = SearchKey(k, ht) End.

For Display:

Begin Declare function display(HashTable *ht) if (!value) print"Position: " print the current position Print" Element: Null" else print"Position: " print the current position Print" Element: " Print the element. End.

For Rehash Function:

Begin Declare function Rehash(HashTable *ht) ht= initiateTable(2 * s) for (int i = 0; i < s; i++) if (t[i].info == Legi) Insert(t[i].e, ht) free(t) return ht End. #define T_S 10 using namespace std; enum EntryType { Legi, Emp, Del}; struct HashTableEntry { int e; enum EntryType info; }; struct HashTable { int s; HashTableEntry *t; }; bool isPrime (int n) { return true; return false; for (int i = 3; i * i <= n; i += 2) if (n % i == 0) return false; return true; } int nextPrime(int n) { if (n <= 0) n == 3; if (n % 2 == 0) n++; for (; !isPrime( n ); n += 2); return n; } int HashFunc(int k, int s) { return k % s; } HashTable *initiateTable(int s) { HashTable *ht; if (s < T_S) { cout<<"Table Size is Too Small"<<endl; return NULL; } ht= new HashTable; if (ht == NULL) { cout<<"Out of Space"<<endl; return NULL; } cout<<"Table Size is Too Small"<<endl; return NULL; } } return ht; } int SearchKey(int k, HashTable *ht) { int collisions = 0; pos = pos + 2 * ++collisions -1; } return pos; } void Insert(int k, HashTable *ht) { int pos = SearchKey(k, ht); } } HashTable *Rehash(HashTable *ht) { ht= initiateTable(2 * s); for (int i = 0; i < s; i++) { if (t[i].info == Legi) Insert(t[i].e, ht); } free(t); return ht; } void display(HashTable *ht) { if (!value) cout<<"Position: "<<i + 1<<" Element: Null"<<endl; else cout<<"Position: "<<i + 1<<" Element: "<<value<<endl; } } int main() { int v, s, pos, i = 1; int c; HashTable *ht; while(1) { cout<<"1.Initialize size of the table"<<endl; cout<<"2.Insert element into the table"<<endl; cout<<"3.Display Hash Table"<<endl; cout<<"4.Rehash The Table"<<endl; cout<<"5.Exit"<<endl; cout<<"Enter your choice: "; switch(c) { case 1: cout<<"Enter size of the Hash Table: "; ht = initiateTable(s); cout<<"Size of Hash Table: "<<nextPrime(s); break; case 2: cout<<"Table is Full, Rehash the table"<<endl; continue; } cout<<"Enter element to be inserted: "; Insert(v, ht); i++; break; case 3: display(ht); break; case 4: ht = Rehash(ht); break; case 5: exit(1); default: cout<<"nEnter correct optionn"; } } return 0; } Output 1.Initialize size of the table 2.Insert element into the table 3.Display Hash Table 4.Rehash The Table 5.Exit Enter your choice: 1 Enter size of the Hash Table: 4 Table Size is Too Small Size of Hash Table: 51.Initialize size of the table 2.Insert element into the table 3.Display Hash Table 4.Rehash The Table 5.Exit Enter your choice: 1 Enter size of the Hash Table: 10 Size of Hash Table: 111.Initialize size of the table 2.Insert element into the table 3.Display Hash Table 4.Rehash The Table 5.Exit Enter your choice: 2 Enter element to be inserted: 1 1.Initialize size of the table 2.Insert element into the table 3.Display Hash Table 4.Rehash The Table 5.Exit Enter your choice: 2 Enter element to be inserted: 2 1.Initialize size of the table 2.Insert element into the table 3.Display Hash Table 4.Rehash The Table 5.Exit Enter your choice: 2 Enter element to be inserted: 3 1.Initialize size of the table 2.Insert element into the table 3.Display Hash Table 4.Rehash The Table 5.Exit Enter your choice: 2 Enter element to be inserted: 4 1.Initialize size of the table 2.Insert element into the table 3.Display Hash Table 4.Rehash The Table 5.Exit Enter your choice: 2 Enter element to be inserted: 5 1.Initialize size of the table 2.Insert element into the table 3.Display Hash Table 4.Rehash The Table 5.Exit Enter your choice: 2 Enter element to be inserted: 6 1.Initialize size of the table 2.Insert element into the table 3.Display Hash Table 4.Rehash The Table 5.Exit Enter your choice: 2 Enter element to be inserted: 7 1.Initialize size of the table 2.Insert element into the table 3.Display Hash Table 4.Rehash The Table 5.Exit Enter your choice: 2 Enter element to be inserted: 8 1.Initialize size of the table 2.Insert element into the table 3.Display Hash Table 4.Rehash The Table 5.Exit Enter your choice: 2 Enter element to be inserted: 9 1.Initialize size of the table 2.Insert element into the table 3.Display Hash Table 4.Rehash The Table 5.Exit Enter your choice: 2 Enter element to be inserted: 10 1.Initialize size of the table 2.Insert element into the table 3.Display Hash Table 4.Rehash The Table 5.Exit Enter your choice: 2 Enter element to be inserted: 11 1.Initialize size of the table 2.Insert element into the table 3.Display Hash Table 4.Rehash The Table 5.Exit Enter your choice: 2 Table is Full, Rehash the table 1.Initialize size of the table 2.Insert element into the table 3.Display Hash Table 4.Rehash The Table 5.Exit Enter your choice: 3 Position: 1 Element: 11 Position: 2 Element: 1 Position: 3 Element: 2 Position: 4 Element: 3 Position: 5 Element: 4 Position: 6 Element: 5 Position: 7 Element: 6 Position: 8 Element: 7 Position: 9 Element: 8 Position: 10 Element: 9 Position: 11 Element: 10 1.Initialize size of the table 2.Insert element into the table 3.Display Hash Table 4.Rehash The Table 5.Exit Enter your choice: 4 1.Initialize size of the table 2.Insert element into the table 3.Display Hash Table 4.Rehash The Table 5.Exit Enter your choice: 3 Position: 1 Element: Null Position: 2 Element: 1 Position: 3 Element: 2 Position: 4 Element: 3 Position: 5 Element: 4 Position: 6 Element: 5 Position: 7 Element: 6 Position: 8 Element: 7 Position: 9 Element: 8 Position: 10 Element: 9 Position: 11 Element: 10 Position: 12 Element: 11 Position: 13 Element: Null Position: 14 Element: Null Position: 15 Element: Null Position: 16 Element: Null Position: 17 Element: Null Position: 18 Element: Null Position: 19 Element: Null Position: 20 Element: Null Position: 21 Element: Null Position: 22 Element: Null Position: 23 Element: Null 1.Initialize size of the table 2.Insert element into the table 3.Display Hash Table 4.Rehash The Table 5.Exit Enter your choice: 2 Enter element to be inserted: 20 1.Initialize size of the table 2.Insert element into the table 3.Display Hash Table 4.Rehash The Table 5.Exit Enter your choice: 5

Guide To How Does This Function Work

Introduction to PostgreSQL REGEXP_MATCHES()

The regular expression is a sequence of characters, the short name for the list of strings. Suppose any string matches with any of the string, which is part of the list of the strings defined by the regular expression. It supports the regular expression, and the function PostgreSQL REGEXP_MATCHES() provided by PostgreSQL is used to get all of the result strings from the regular expression. It uses a POSIX regular expression pattern.

Start Your Free Data Science Course

Hadoop, Data Science, Statistics & others

Syntax:

regexp_matches(input_string, pattern [, flags ])

input_string: This defines the input string from which we want to extract all matched substrings for a specified pattern, a POSIX regular expression.

pattern: This defines the POSIX regular expression to match the string.

flags: This flag controls the behaviour of the REGEXP_MATCHES() function. This can have the value of one or more characters.

How does PostgreSQL REGEXP_MATCHES() Function work?

It returns no rows if the regular expression pattern does not match with the input string.

It returns a text array of single-element, which contains the substring that matches the pattern specified if the regular expression pattern is without the sub-expressions containing parenthesis.

The REGEXP_MATCHES() function has a flags parameter, which is optional. The flag parameter contains zero or more characters. The flags parameter changes the REGEXP_MATCHES() function’s behaviour.

If the output of the PostgreSQL REGEXP_MATCHES() function is a single element still, it returns a text set.

Examples

Given below are the examples:

Example #1

We are having a post related to trending content for current educational views as follows:

‘#EduCBA is the best learning platform for #PostgreSQL.’

We can extract substrings from the above text using the PostgreSQL REGEXP_MATCHES() function as follows, which returns all strings containing hashtags in the given string.

Code:

SELECT REGEXP_MATCHES('#EduCBA is best learning platform for #PostgreSQL', '#([A-Za-z0-9]+)', 'g');

Output:

The output contains the ‘#eduCBA’ and ‘# PostgreSQL’ string, which means matching strings with regular expressions defined in a pattern. In the above example, the regular expression is “([A-Za-z0-9]+)”, which matches the string, which begins with a character hash(#) and is followed by any alphanumeric characters. We have used the ‘g’ flag, which is used for performing the global search, which allows searching for each occurrence, not only the first one.

Example #2

The PostgreSQL REGEXP_MATCHES() function returns results in array form but not in a string format.

The resulting array will have the groups if we use groups to return the string parts as follows:

Code:

SELECT REGEXP_MATCHES ( 'ABC', '^(A)(..)$', 'g' );

Output:

Illustrate the result of the above statement by using the following snapshot.

Example #3

Code:

create table student ( stud_id serial PRIMARY KEY, stud_fname VARCHAR(80) NOT NULL, stud_lname VARCHAR(80) NOT NULL );

Now, we will insert some data into the student table by using the INSERT INTO statement as follows:

Code:

INSERT INTO student(stud_fname,stud_lname) VALUES ('Smith','Johnson'), ('Williams','Jones'), ('Brown','Davis');

Illustrate the above INSERT statement’s result using the following SQL statement and snapshot.

select * from student;

Output:

Consider the following SQL statement, which matches the ‘Jo’ pattern from the stud_lname column and returns the result as ‘Jo’ if the pattern matched otherwise, it returns as NULL.

Code:

SELECT stud_fname, (SELECT regexp_matches(stud_lname, '(Jo)')) FROM student;

Output:

Advantages of PostgreSQL REGEXP_MATCHES()

1. The PostgreSQL REGEXP_MATCHES() function supports various flags.

Consider examples like:

flag ‘i’ : match case-insensitively.

flag ‘g’: search globally for each occurrence.

2. This function returns no row, one row, or multiple rows as per the pattern defined.

3. We can use this function to search all occurrence required string or only the first one, or we can search for at any position.

4. We can use the regular expression to extract the column values of a table as well.

5. We can use the PostgreSQL REGEXP_MATCHES() function for validity purpose.

6. We can use it to perform complicated tasks like string search with random characters.

Conclusion

Here we have seen how to use the PostgreSQL REGEXP_MATCHES() function and how the function works. Also, we have added several examples of the PostgreSQL REGEXP_MATCHES() function.

Study: Internet Sales Tax Software Will Be Costly To Implement

Software to help small businesses comply with an U.S. Internet sales tax would cost many businesses tens of thousands of dollars to roll out and nearly as much to maintain each year, according to a study released by opponents of the proposed tax.

As several U.S. lawmakers and retail groups renew their efforts to get Congress to approve an Internet sales tax, opponents countered Wednesday with a study saying sales tax collection software would cost medium-sized Web-based sellers $80,000 to $290,000 to set up and another $57,500 to $260,000 a year in fees, auditing expense and other costs.

Even though some Internet sales tax bills would require states to make tax collection software available free to businesses, many Internet sellers would still have to pay those set-up and maintenance costs, according to the study commissioned by True Simplification of Taxation (TruST), a group opposed to an Internet sales tax. It will be difficult for Internet businesses to get software to work with up to 46 states that now collect sales taxes, wrote study authors Larry Kavanagh and Al Bessin.

“The result is hardly free,” they wrote. “A ‘plug-in’ integration only works when using unmodified, out-of-the-box software. In the real world, where software has been in use for years and has been modified to fit the retailer’s business, integration is substantially messy and expensive.”

The integration costs would be significant for small and medium-sized Internet sellers, who often operate their businesses on “relatively small” margins, Bessin, a retail veteran, said in an interview. “This whole idea that there’s free software and integration is easy is patently incorrect.”

An Internet sales tax requirement would create a new problem for sellers, Bessin said, in an effort fix what critics call an unfair taxing system between online and bricks-and-mortar sellers.

The Marketplace Fairness Act, which passed in the U.S. Senate in May, would allow states to collect sales tax on large Internet sellers that have no presence within their borders. Now, online retailers only have to collect taxes in states where they have a physical presence, including retail stores and warehouses.

Supporters of the bill say the current rules are unfair to bricks-and-mortar businesses required to collect sales tax.

The bill, which is waiting for action in the House of Representatives, would exempt Internet sellers with less than $1 million a year in sales from collecting sales tax for other states.

Supporters of the bill should require states to pay for software integration costs if they think it will be easy, said Steve DelBianco, executive director of NetChoice, an e-commerce trade group opposed to the sales tax bill. The bill doesn’t require states to help with software integration costs, he said.

“The claim that it’s free and easy and that this is plug-and-play out of the box … misses the whole notion of software integration,” DelBianco said. “It’s not free and easy, and it’s not affordable.”

The study covers Internet businesses with sales between $5 million and $50 million a year. Among the set-up fees, according to the study: $30,000 to $100,000 in website implementation for the sales tax software and $40,000 to $100,00 for order management system integration.

Annual maintenance fees include $20,000 to $100,000 in reporting and auditing costs and $10,000 to $100,000 in lost sales from check-out problems because of address-matching requirements in the Marketplace Fairness Act.

The Marketplace Fairness Coalition, a group supporting an Internet sales tax, discounted the study, saying some businesses already collect sales taxes for states.

Update the detailed information about Guide To How To Implement Array_Agg() on the Bellydancehcm.com website. We hope the article's content will meet your needs, and we will regularly update the information to provide you with the fastest and most accurate information. Have a great day!